Readings,
Publications, and Databases
Readings
"Answers
to Small Business Questions on International Opportunities"
by Mark F. Murray in the August 1993 Journal of Accountancy
discusses opportunities for CPAs to advise small businesses
trying to take advantage of international opportunities.
Mr. Murray mentions the importance of understanding international
trade rules and agreements such as the General Agreement
on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the North American Free
Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
The following publications
are useful references on GATT and NAFTA.
Completing the
Uruguay Round: A Results Oriented Approach to the GATT Trade
Negotiations, Jeffrey J. Schott, ed., Washington, D.C.:
Institute for International Economics, September 1990.
The GATT Negotiations
1986-90: Origins, Issues and Prospects, Golt, Sidney, London:
British-North American Committee, November 1988.
North American
Free Trade Issues and Recommendations, Hufbauer, Gary, Washington,
DC: Institute for International Economics, 1992.
The World Trading
System: Law and Policy of International Economic Relations,
John Jackson, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1989.
GATT/Uruguayround --
http//www.sice.oas.org/summary/ur_round/urtoc.stm
There are numerous
international accounting texts. The following texts are
on an international business reading list prepared by the
University of Maryland CIBER with assistance from the Purdue
and Duke University CIBERs and numerous international business
faculty.
Handbook of International
Accounting, Choi, Frederick D.S., New York: John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., 1991.
International
Accounting, Choi, Frederick D.S., and Gerhard G. Mueller,
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1992.
Comparative International
Accounting, 3rd edition, Nobes, Christopher, and Robert
Parker, eds., Cambridge: University Press, 1991.
International
Accounting and Multinational Enterprises, Radebaugh, Lee
H. and Sidney J. Gray, New York: John Wiley & Sons,
Inc., 1993.
International Accounting
Network: The Summar Project -- http://www.icaew.org.uk/welc-text.html
The following list
of readings was submitted by Robert D. Wuerth, University
of Southern Indiana.
International
Accounting and Reporting, 1st edition, Evans, Taylor, and
Holzman, PWS-Kent, 1988.
International
Dimensions of Accounting, 2nd edition, Alhashim & Arpan,
PWS-Kent, 1988.
International
Business, 2nd edition, Czinkota, Rivoli, and Ronkainen,
Dryden Press, 1992.
International
Business, 2nd edition, Grose & Kujawa, Irwin, 1992.
International
Business, 5th edition, Ball & McCulloch, Irwin, 1993.
Comparative and
Multinational Management, Ronen, Wiley, 1986.
Publications
Indiana International is published by the Indiana Department
of Commerce. This publication contains information on Indiana
exports, upcoming trade shows, and other practical information
concerning exporting. It is published annually.
Doing Business
in ... (most countries
are available). Published by major public accounting firms,
(country specific undate). Contains information regarding
taxation-law and legislation; commercial law; business enterprise,
foreign; foreign trade regulation; and investment, foreign
law and legislation.
Indiana Exports
is published by the Indiana
Center for Global Business. It contains a quarterly analysis
of Indiana exports and is available at a yearly subscription
rate of $100.00.
The following publications
which may be ordered from: U.S. Department of Commerce,
International Trade Publications, Room 3420, 14th and Constitution
Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20230, Phone: (202) 482-5494.
Market Overseas
with U.S. Government Help
Includes information on various Federal government international
trade and investment programs. Small Business Administration.
Exporter's
Guide to Federal Resources for Small Business
Published by Washington, D.C.: U.S. Small Business Administration,
Office of International Trade: For sale by the Supt. of
Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1992.
Business America
is published biweekly by the U.S. Department of Commerce.
It is the official U.S. government trade magazine, and contains
tips for exporters and up-to-date information on international
services. The annual subscription rate is $61.00.
The following publications
are available from United Nations Publications, Sales Section,
2 United Nations Plaza, Room DC2-853, Dept. 410, New York,
NY 10017, USA. Phone: (212) 963-4469 or 1-800-253- 9646.
East-West
Joint Venture Contracts
For attorneys and business consultants of joint ventures
in Eastern Europe, this key publication draws attention
to the main legal issues involved in this kind of transaction,
and suggests ways of resolving issues, within the framework
of the applicable law.
Accounting
Curricula for East-West Joint Ventures
This publication sets out curricula for educating and training
accountants, regulators and lawyers especially on joint
ventures in what used to be centrally planned economies.
United Nations
Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Yearbook.
The Yearbook covers specific subjects such as electronic
fund transfers, stand-by letters of credit and guarantees,
liability of operators of transport terminals, legal issues
on international countertrade, international shipping legislation,
international sale of goods, international commercial arbitration
and other subjects. It also presents the text of exchange
and international promissory notes.
International
Buy-back Contracts
This publication provides potential parties with necessary
information and guidance in drawing up the contractual documents
that define their rights and obligations. A model contract
for buy-back transactions, which is a significant guide
for lawyers in the international arena, is published as
an annex to this guide.
Key Concepts
in International Investment Arrangements and Their Relevance
to Negotiations on International Transactions in Services
This study presents the relevant international standards,
such as legal standards for the treatment of persons, and
products and services of foreign origin, important for international
transactions in services.
The following publications
are available from United Nations Publications, Sales Section,
2 United Nations Plaza, Room DC2-853, Dept. 421, New York,
NY 10017, USA. Phone: (212) 963-8302 or 1-800-253- 9646,
FAX: (212) 963-3489.
Conclusions
on Accounting and Reporting by Transnational Corporations
This booklet serves as a guide for both the preparers and
the users of financial statements, indicating to them not
only the items to be disclosed, but also the manner in which
they are to be disclosed by transnational corporations.
Handbook of National
Accounting: Public Sector Accounts
International
Accounting and Reporting Issues
This study surveys the accomplishments of 24 selected countries
in the area of accounting and reporting and identifies pertinent
issues including accountability, corporate reports and other
challenges, accounting for investments in associates and
joint ventures, financial reporting by banks and other financial
institutions, and special purpose audit reports and financial
disclosure in respect of branches.
International
Accounting and Reporting Issues
This report summarizes responses of Member States to new
legal requirements and/or standards governing corporate
accounting and reporting, surveys accounting and reporting
issues being considered for standard-setting, and focuses
on international organizations dealing with accounting and
reporting issues.
International
Accounting and Reporting Issues
This review discussed important developments in the field
of international accounting, accounting for and by joint-ventures,
information disclosure relating to environment measures,
accounting for pension commitments, accounting for intangible
assets, and results of a survey on accounting needs in Africa.
International
Accounting and Reporting Issues
This publication covers substantive issues of accounting
and reporting on the continued instability in financial
markets, European economic integration, and developments
in Central and Eastern Europe. It also includes such topics
as accounting by and for joint ventures, accounting for
pension commitments, and accounting for intangibles and
for environmental protection measures.
International
Cooperation in Tax Matters
The Ad-Hoc Group of Experts on International Cooperation
in Tax Matters on its fifth meeting formulates guidelines
for international co-operation to combat international tax
evasion and avoidance and studies the possibilities on enhancing
the efficiency of tax administration and reducing potential
conflicts among the tax laws of various countries.
International
Cooperation in Tax Matters
Guidelines for International Cooperation Against the Evasion
and Avoidance to Taxes (with Special Reference to Taxes
on Income, Profits, Capital and Capital Gains) Includes
the research findings of an international group charged
by the Economic and Social council with the function of
studying international tax evasion and avoidance.
International
Income Taxation and Developing Countries
Explains tax structure applicable to transnational corporations
with operations in developing countries. Points out what
structural adjustments are being made or could be made in
this area of these companies, and discusses what is being
done or what could be done to better enforce tax laws.
International
Tax Agreements
Loose-leaf series on the status of international taxation
agreements on income and fortune; movable capital; commercial,
industrial and agricultural enterprises, or maritime and
air transport enterprises.
Key Concepts
in International Investment Arrangements and Their Relevance
to
Negotiations on International Transactions in Services The
study inquires into the relevant international standards
such as legal standards for the treatment of persons, products
and services of foreign origin which are important for international
transactions in services.
Tax Treaties
between Developed and Developing Countries
An important collection of reports outlining tax provisions
existing between developed and developing countries.
United States
of America: Income Taxation of Private Investments in Developing
Countries
A study that is mainly concerned with the interaction between
United States and developing countries' tax systems and
concentrates on the coordination aspects of these tax systems.
Periodicals
The following list of specialized periodicals was taken
from the International Services Practice Guide prepared
by the International Services Committee of the Oregon Society
of Certified Public Accountants. These periodicals are available
at newsstands, by subscription, or in most libraries.
Far East Economic Review
5 Datamovers, Inc.
38 West 36th Street
New York, NY 10018
The Review focuses on regional affairs, arts and society,
business affairs and special features in Asia and South
Pacific. Published weekly, subscriptions are $135 per year.
Europe (magazine
of the European Community)
2100 M Street NW, Suite 700
Washington, DC 20037
Europe is published by the Delegation of the Commission
of the European Community. It includes articles on U.S.
European-relations, business, industry reports, European
affairs, member state reports, and special features.
Published monthly, subscriptions are 16.95 per year.
World Press Review
PO Box 1997
Marion, OH 43305
The review includes international press articles from non-U.S.
publications subject to minor editing and translation where
necessary. Published monthly, subscriptions are $24.97
per year.
The Journal of European Business
Faulkner and Gray, Inc.
106 Fulton Street
New York, NY 10038
The Journal contains articles on conducting business in
the European Economic Community (EEC). Published bimonthly,
subscriptions are $125 per year.
Selected Publications on International Tax
The following list of selected publications on international
tax is reproduced from the International Services Practice
Guide prepared by the International Services Committee of
the Oregon Society of Certified Public Accountants.
Tax Management
Foreign Income Portfolios
Tax Management Inc., Bureau of National Affairs, Phone:
(800) 372-1033 or
(503) 243-1330.
Comprehensive portfolio
guides (approximately 56) covering such international topics
as business operations by country, taxation of foreign entities
and their operations, taxation of nonresidents, taxation
under Subpart F and sourcing rules, foreign financing, and
FSC taxation.
Income Taxation
of Foreign Related Transactions
Rhoades and Langer, Matthew Bender, Phone: (800) 424-4200
or (503) 292-0651.
Introductory service
which outlines various applicable rules of international
tax, including discussions, in varying degrees of depth,
of all but a few areas of the International Revenue Code
that affect international activity such as taxation of U.S.
citizens living abroad, taxation of foreign investors, taxation
of controlled foreign corporations, foreign tax credit rules,
and FSC taxation. The service also includes explanations
of U.S. tax treaties.
Tax Treaties
Commerce Clearing House, Phone: (800) 248-3248 or (503)
224- 5689.
Includes full texts
of all U.S. treaties with foreign countries covering income
and estate taxes.
International
Estate Planning
William H. Newton III, Shepard's McGraw-Hill, Inc., Phone:
(800) 525-2474.
Provides insight into supplemental theories and approaches
to international estate planning, including a series of
examples to facilitate international planning.
U.S. Taxation
of International Operations
Prentice Hall, Phone: (503) 646-2244.
One volume service
containing up-to-date information on the U.S. income tax
aspects of international operations, including analyses
and in-depth explanations of problem areas and practical
planning techniques and semi-monthly Report Bulletins reflecting
current developments in the foreign tax area.
International Accounting & Auditing Reference Materials
This list of reference materials is reproduced from the
International Services Practice Guide prepared by the International
Services Committee of the Oregon Society of Certified Public
Accountants. It is a list of basic reference materials for
practitioners involved in international accounting and auditing
issues. Introductory level, as well as country specific
advanced technical information, is included.
International
Accounting Standards (IASs)
issued by the International Accounting Standards Committee.
These standards are general in nature and much more briefly
stated in the U.S. Statements of Accounting Standards (SFASs.)
They often allow alternative treatments of financial accounting
and reporting issues in order to be accepted to the international
financial community. Several exposure drafts are outstanding.
International
Auditing Guidelines (IAGs)
issued by the International Auditing Practices Committee
of the International Federation of Accountants. Published
guidelines are included in the AICPA Professional Standards
together with an indication of whether there are any significant
differences between IAGs and U.S. generally accepted auditing
standards.
"The
Accounting Profession in...Series"
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, Professional
Accounting in Foreign Countries Series, New York: AICPA
1987, 69pp. Additional volumes cover Canada, Hong Kong,
Italy, France, Japan, Mexico, The Netherlands, The Philippines,
Sweden, and the United Kingdom. These booklets include descriptions
of the accounting profession in each of the foreign countries
covered. The booklets also present brief descriptions of
various forms of business organizations, taxes, and requirements
for stock exchange listings and securities offerings. Checklists
are included comparing U.S. and foreign countries auditing
standards and accounting principles.
Accounting:
An International Perspective,
2nd ed. G.G. Mueller, H. Gernon and G. Meek, Homewood, IL:
Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1991, 150 pp. This book presents
a user oriented and actual practice-based approach and provides
an excellent introduction to international issues. It describes
all the organizations playing in the international accounting
and auditing standards- game.
International
Auditing, Leslie
G. Campbell, New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, 1985 249
pp. A comparative survey of professional requirements in
Australia, Canada, and United States. This book includes
detailed studies of auditing standards in the above listed
countries. Other topics include transferring domestic auditing
standards overseas, using the work of another auditor, international
harmonization, the audit of multinational corporation's
non- financial information, and the international auditing
firms.
World Accounting,
Larry L. Orsini, John P. McAllister and Rajev N. Parikh,
New York: Matthew Bender, 1986; loose-leaf, with periodic
supplements. This is a comprehensive reference work similar
to the typical CCH loose-leaf services. Most commercially
important countries are covered.
Databases
U.S. Department
of Commerce provides FAX retrieval systems for trade and
investment related information, as well as export and financing
information, for Eastern Europe, Mexico, and twelve Pacific
Rim countries. The aforementioned FAX retrieval numbers
are as follows:
Eastern Europe: (202) 482-5745
Mexico: (202) 482-2332
Pacific Rim: (202) 482-3875
National Trade
Date Bank - The Export Connection - Dialog Data Bases
Phone: 800-3-dialog (800-334-2564)
Accounting
& Tax Database - File 485
The ACCOUNTING & TAX DATABASE provides comprehensive
indexing and informative abstracts of articles in prominent
accounting, taxation, and financial management publications
from the United States and other countries. Subjects covered
include accounting, auditing, banking, bankruptcy, compensation,
consulting, finance, fiscal policy, and taxation.
Tax Notes
Today - File 650
Tax Notes Today contains analytical summaries combined with
the full text of all important legislative, regulatory,
judicial, and policy documents regarding federal taxation.
State tax news is also included. In addition, the file contains
the complete text of Tax Notes International from January
1986 to the present. All information is updated daily.
Directory of On-line
Databases:
Accountants'
Index
Type: Bibliographic
Subject: Accounting
Producer: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
(AICPA)
On-line Service: ORBIT Search Service
Content: Major articles and news items from more than 300
periodicals comprise about 80% of the database. The remaining
20% of the items are citations to books, pamphlets, government
documents, and other non-periodical literature. Corresponds
to Accountants' Index.
Language: English
Time Span: 1974 to date
Coverage: International
Updating: About 4,000 records a quarter
ORBIT Search
Service
8000 Westpark Dr., Suite 400
McLean, VA 22102
Phone: (803) 442-0900
Toll-free: 800-456-7248
Telex: 901811
FAX: (703) 893-4632
American Institute
of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
1211 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10036-8775
Phone: (212) 575-6326
Accountants' Index
38
National Automated Accounting Research System 2864
VSCOM
Type: Numeric
Subject: Accounting
Producer: Comshare, Inc.
Online Service: Comshare, Inc.
Content: A database system for current cost accounting.
Coverage: International
Time Span: PPI Data from 1947
Updating: Monthly
Comshare,
Inc.
3001 S. State St., Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: (313) 994-4800 ex. 4238
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